Acne Keloidalis Nuchae Information
Acne keloidalis nuchae is a folliculitis that occurs on the occipital scalp and results in scarring alopecia. The disease mainly affects African American men, however, African American women and occasionally other ethnic groups may develop the disease. The earliest clinical lesions are follicular papules and occasional pustules. With time these papules become fibrotic with associated hair loss. A small number of patients develop large keloidal type plaques on the nape.
Scalp biopsy demonstrates lympho-plasmacytic inflammation of the upper portions of the follicles early in the course of the disease. Perifollicular fibrosis with loss of sebaceous glands then occurs. Eventually hair follicles are destroyed with resultant hair granulomas. The dermis may develop hypertrophic scarring, however true histologic keloid formation is not observed. The cause of AKN is not known. In the past, close clipping of the curly African American hair was implicated, similar to the pathogenesis of pseudofolliculitis barbae. However, the disease occurs in the absence of this type of hair styling and in other ethnic groups and therefore other factors must contribute to the development of the folliculitis.
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